Four experts talk about Shanghe： How to become a model for building a new type of international relations
On June 9-10, the 18th meeting of the Council of Heads of State of SCO member states will be held in Qingdao. Over the past 17 years, the SCO has developed from the initial "Shanghai Five" to eight member countries, four observer countries and six dialogue partners, from "jointly safeguarding regional security" to Qi Fei for security, economy and people-to-people cooperation, and has become a comprehensive regional organization with the largest population, the widest geographical area and great potential.
After the first expansion, the SCO returned to China, the birthplace, and started from the Qingdao Summit. What are the unique features of the SCO? Why can it succeed? What are the successful experiences? People’s Daily conducted an exclusive interview with four authoritative experts.
Firmly carry forward the "Shanghai Spirit", Do not forget your initiative mind
In the eyes of many experts, the "Shanghai Spirit" has provided important guidance for the SCO to achieve rapid development.
Ma Jiali, director of the Strategic Research Center of China Reform and Opening-up Forum, believes that what distinguishes the SCO from other organizations is that it takes concerted action on the basis of reaching consensus to the greatest extent. "It is in ‘ Shanghai spirit ’ Under the guidance of the SCO, the degree of unity and coordination of the SCO is stronger than that of many other organizations. "
Ma Jiali said that this is the third time that China has become the host country of the Shanghai Summit, and it will continue to promote the "Shanghai Spirit" on the basis of expanding its membership. This is a new starting point, and the expansion of the organization has undoubtedly increased its strength and cooperation has been strengthened. "The Qingdao Declaration published this time will write a new chapter for Shanghe."
“‘ Shanghai spirit ’ It is a remarkable feature that distinguishes the SCO from other international organizations! " Deng Hao, Secretary-General of the China SCO National Research Center, believes that the biggest contribution of the SCO is to provide new choices for state-to-state exchanges, which is the "Shanghai spirit". After 17 years of development, the "Shanghai Spirit" has proved to be the biggest successful experience and place of the SCO. In particular, India and Pakistan joined Shanghai, which shows the expansion of the vitality and influence of the "Shanghai Spirit". "Shanghai Spirit" is the strength and wisdom of Shanghe, which contributes to the world.
Building a new type of international relations is a model.
Against the background of unilateralism and protectionism, the development momentum of the SCO is impressive. Last year, Shanghe expanded its capacity for the first time and joined two new members, India and Pakistan.
What is the unique charm of the SCO? Deng Hao believes that what the SCO wants to establish is a new type of international relations of partnership without alliance and cooperation without confrontation. As the Chairman of the Supreme Leader said, "The SCO has set a new model of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness, justice and win-win cooperation."
Li Yongquan, a researcher at the Eurasian Institute of the China Academy of Social Sciences, said in an interview with People’s Daily that the SCO is characterized by great differences in economic scale and development between big and small countries, but it is indeed a model for building a new type of international relations by practicing the "Shanghai Spirit", treating each other sincerely and getting along on an equal footing among its members, big or small. The principle of state relations advocated by "Shanghai Spirit" is interlinked with China’s proposal to build a new type of international relations and a community of human destiny, which is best embodied in the framework of Shanghai Cooperation.
Li Ziguo, acting director of the Eurasian Institute of China Institute of International Studies, said that the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made it clear that it is necessary to promote the building of a new type of international relations and a community of human destiny. The "two constructions" are in line with the general trend of the development of human society, and we look forward to the relevant concepts being reflected in the above document.
Adhere to the priority of security cooperation and escort development
"A safe and stable environment is a necessary condition for mutually beneficial cooperation and common development and prosperity", "Adhere to safety first and consolidate the foundation of the development of the Organization", "Without safety, there is no development" … … In the past five years, the Chairman of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly talked about his views on security and development at the Shanghai Summit.
Deng Hao said that the predecessor of the SCO was the "Shanghai Five". Since its establishment, security cooperation has always occupied a prominent position in the SCO. In terms of security, the experience of the SCO is worth learning from other regions and organizations. For example, the SCO advocates a new concept of security, which is common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable. The new security concept adheres to the principles of non-alignment, non-confrontation and non-targeting at third parties, and solves common problems faced by everyone through cooperation, dialogue and consultation.
"China’s great contribution to the SCO’s security is the new security concept", Li Ziguo said that the new security concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable put forward by Chairman of the Supreme Leader has been fully included in the SCO document. "The Shanghai Cooperation Platform has solved the border issue, successfully curbed the development momentum of the" three forces "and ensured that there has been no major turmoil in the areas covered by the SCO in the past 20 years. As the Chairman of the Supreme Leader mentioned earlier, ‘ Benefits are greater than governance, and harm is greater than chaos ’ This is a very realistic embodiment. "
Ma Jiali said that China has made outstanding contributions to Shanghai Cooperation in both traditional and non-traditional security fields. Especially in the field of non-traditional security, China has joined the Russian Federation and other Central Asian countries in combating terrorism and extremism. Member States not only have common understanding, but also have common actions. They have conducted many anti-terrorism trainings and exercises, which have played a great role in cracking down on terrorist organizations and deterring terrorist forces.
The "Belt and Road" has achieved outstanding results and common prosperity.
In recent years, within the framework of the SCO, economic cooperation and cultural exchanges have been carried out in a vivid way, and countries have enhanced interconnection and joined hands to embark on the road of prosperity.
Li Yongquan believes that the "Belt and Road" construction is the highlight of cooperation among SCO countries. In the five years since the "Belt and Road Initiative" was put forward, the early achievements made under the framework of the SCO have been outstanding. In terms of infrastructure construction, China, Russian Federation and Kazakstan are carrying out highway construction connecting western Europe and western China; China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway construction has entered a critical period … … In terms of trade, the trade volume between China and the SCO countries has been increasing. Under the background of rising global trade protectionism, with the help of the Belt and Road Initiative, China and the SCO countries have achieved good results in trade facilitation.
Ma Jiali said that the "Belt and Road Initiative" has been supported by many countries, especially Russia, many Central Asian countries and Pakistan, and has always supported and participated in the "Belt and Road" construction. "It is of great benefit to all member States to continue to emphasize the spirit of the Belt and Road Initiative and strengthen mutually beneficial cooperation at the Qingdao Summit." (Yao Lijuan)