On August 28th, fruit farmers packed apples in Fangxiang Village, Yongxiang Town, Luochuan County, Shaanxi Province. Xinhua News Agency reporter Tao Mingshe

　　Since the beginning of this year, the price of apples has continued to rise, which is due to natural disasters such as frost, which led to the reduction of production in the main apple producing areas. This reflects that the apple industry has a weak ability to resist natural disasters and market risks, and at the same time faces rising costs such as labor and land. A few days ago, the Economic Daily reporter walked into the main apple producing areas to learn about the problems encountered in the transformation of the apple industry.

　　Since the beginning of this year, due to tight supply, the price of apples has been rising continuously. The average monthly retail price of first-class red Fuji apples in Shaanxi market was once close to 9 yuan per catty. Why is the supply of apples suddenly reduced? What are the challenges facing the development of Apple industry? The Economic Daily reporter recently came to Shaanxi, one of the main producing areas of apples, to find out the source.

　　The ability to resist natural disasters needs to be strengthened.

　　"At present, the total planting area of apples in China is about 38 million mu, and the output of Bohai Rim region and Loess Plateau region accounts for more than 85% of the total output of apples in China." Cha Yangliang, the stationmaster of Xianyang Horticulture Station in Shaanxi Province and the stationmaster of Xianyang Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Apple Industry System, told the reporter.

　　More than 10 years ago, Shandong ranked first in the country with more than 9 million mu of apple planting area. In recent years, with the adjustment of planting area, the apple planting area in Shaanxi Province has developed rapidly, reaching 10 million mu at present. The output of apples in Gansu has also increased to be second only to Shaanxi and Shandong.

　　With the transfer of planting area and the expansion of planting area, the influence of weather on apple planting has become more and more prominent. In the face of natural disasters such as frost, gale and hail, the defense ability of the existing technology is very limited. In April, 2018, Shaanxi apples suffered a frost that had not happened for many years during the flowering period, resulting in a large reduction in production, which became one of the main reasons for the sharp price increase of apples this year.

　　According to reports, more than 20 years ago, the flowering period of apples in Xianyang, Shaanxi Province was mostly in mid-April, a little later than now, and the probability of encountering frost was small. However, with the change of environment and temperature, the flowering period tends to advance, which leads to the annual flowering period just encountering frost in recent years.

　　"Traditional methods mainly rely on measures such as smoking and spraying water to alleviate the impact of frost, but last year, we encountered a longer and lower temperature frost, and these methods could not solve it." Cha Yangliang said that researchers are now studying delaying flowering to avoid frost, such as watering apples before they sprout in spring to delay germination, and then delaying flowering to avoid frost. However, this method needs to comprehensively consider the actual situation of water shortage in the Loess Plateau and the possible cost increase.

　　Experts believe that there are multiple factors behind the transfer of apple’s main producing area to high altitude areas, and the shift from pursuing "high yield" to pursuing "high quality" is one of the core driving forces.

　　At the same time, the pressure of planting structure transformation is increasing. Liquan County, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province is a famous production base of high-quality apples in China and the largest fruit distribution center in northwest China, with an annual output of millions of tons of apples and an annual distribution of more than 3 million tons of fruits. Cui Haiyang, chief engineer of the Fruit Industry Bureau of Liquan County, told the reporter: "Early and middle ripe apples in Liquan County only account for 17.5% of the total apple area, forming ‘ Shortage of early maturity, insufficient middle maturity and excessive late maturity ’ The variety pattern of. The proportion of late-maturing varieties is too large, and the listing is concentrated, which makes the fruit sales pressure increase. Therefore, we are now focusing on accelerating the transformation of fruit structure. "

　　Scale development should also reduce labor costs

　　For a long time, insufficient planting scale is an important factor restricting the development of modern apple industry. Nowadays, in the northern counties of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, the trend of large planters and social capital developing large-scale planting through land transfer is becoming more and more obvious. It is understood that there are more than 20 enterprises with an apple planting scale of more than 500 mu in Xianyang; There are more than 100 large-scale farmers, cooperatives and enterprises.

　　Zhang Zhaolong, head of production of Shaanxi Fruit Industry Group Liquan Co., Ltd., told reporters that the company’s planting base has transferred 1,000 mu of land, of which 800 mu is planted with apples, and the rest are planted with peaches and grapes. This year’s apple output is expected to reach about 500,000 Jin.

　　The reporter walked in the planting base of Shaanxi Fruit Industry Group Liquan Co., Ltd. and found that there was a sharp contrast between the two sides of the road: on the one hand, there was an orchard planted on a large scale, with tall and straight fruit trees and plump apples; On the other side is the farmer’s own orchard, with sparse leaves and thin fruit. "Many young people have gone out to work, and there is a lack of manpower at home. The orchard is neglected and even abandoned." Zhang Zhaolong said.

　　"Once young people go out to work, they rarely come back to grow apples. Why? Earn a lot outside, and it is not as hard as planting fruit trees, and the risk is still great. " A local villager told reporters.

　　The advantages of large-scale planting are obvious, but it is followed by problems such as increased land transfer costs and shortage of manpower. "We have hired more than 40 people, and the per capita salary is about 3,000 yuan. The salary cost of employees will be more than 1.5 million yuan a year." Zhang Zhaolong said that the company is starting to build a new orchard, which can better realize mechanized operation. After completion, it is expected to reduce the labor cost by about 70%.

　　Cha Yangliang said that at present, both apple planting techniques and management methods are developing in the direction of saving labor. For example, in the past, it was mostly artificial fruit thinning, but now it can greatly save labor by spraying flower thinning agent; The labor-intensive bagging technology of apples will gradually be replaced by bagging-free cultivation technology.

　　Strengthen the industrial chain to resist market risks

　　In addition to the challenges in production, the storage and sales of the Apple industry still need to strengthen the chain. Experts believe that at present, the storage of apples in cold storage accounts for a low proportion of production in China. If the storage capacity of cold storage can be further improved, the sales chain will be lengthened, the ability to cope with production risks and market fluctuations will be improved, the risk of unsalable sales will be reduced, and the interests of fruit farmers will be better safeguarded.

　　Bai Pingjun, the person in charge of cold storage management of Shaanxi Qingfeng Modern Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. told the reporter, "Our cold storage scale is about 10,000 tons, and the storage cost is about 2 cents per catty. Last year, the fruit was greatly reduced by the disaster, and only 70% of the cold storage was used; This year’s fruit harvest is expected, and the reserves will definitely be even greater. "

　　Now in Liquan, there are 105 modern cold storages like this, with a storage capacity of 350,000 tons, an annual supply period of 10 months, and an annual storage appreciation of over 100 million yuan. At the same time, Liquan has also built more than 200 fruit packaging bags, packing boxes and foam net factories, becoming the largest production base of fruit packaging materials in northwest China.

　　"Although the Liquan apple industry has been developing steadily and the industrial chain has been continuously improved for many years, there are still some problems. For example, fruit enterprises generally have problems such as small scale of operation and weak processing value-added ability, and lack deep processing projects such as fruit vinegar, fruit wine and preserved fruit. " Cui Haiyang said that at present, we are fully implementing the cultivation project of new fruit business entities, supporting a number of new fruit business entities with the integration of primary and secondary industries, moderate scale and diversified operations, cultivating a model family farm, demonstration cooperative and demonstration agricultural industrialization consortium, and promoting the continuous upgrading of Liquan fruit industry.

　　"Compared with the past, Apple’s sales channels are wider, but off-site sales, retail and wholesale are still the mainstream, and the proportion of e-commerce sales and direct docking of production and marketing is very limited. This situation has restricted the further development of the Apple industry. " Cha Yangliang said that to further broaden the sales channels, it is necessary to connect farmers with family farms and cooperatives more closely, reduce management costs through scale, and realize fruit classification. Under the support of large-scale production and quality classification, it will bring more opportunities for sales and make growers more profitable, thus forming a virtuous circle. (Reporter Dong Bijuan Lin Huocan)

　　On July 7, a number of office buildings in Zhongguancun, Beijing issued notices, requesting that starting from July 8, commercial buildings should strictly check vaccination records at the bayonet, and those who have not been vaccinated or have not completed vaccination should not enter. Jimu journalist learned from an office building that the above news is true.

　　Earlier, on July 6th, at the 379th press conference of novel coronavirus epidemic prevention and control work in Beijing, Li Ang, deputy director of Beijing Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, announced: To further improve the prevention and control of normalized social epidemic, give play to the effective role of COVID-19 vaccination in responding to the epidemic, consolidate the achievements of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, effectively protect the public’s life and health, especially protect the elderly people aged 60 and over who are at high risk of infection and those engaged in public services. The city plans to implement a series of epidemic prevention and control measures, mainly including: first, the elderly who enter and leave the university for the elderly, the elderly activity station (room) and the elderly fitness and entertainment venues should be connected as soon as possible; Second, people who enter offline training institutions, libraries, museums, cinemas, art galleries, cultural centers, sports venues, fitness venues, entertainment venues, Internet cafes and other crowd gathering places must be vaccinated (except those who are not suitable for vaccination), and other restricted and reserved places give priority to those who have been vaccinated.

　　Li Ang said that the aforementioned provisions will be officially implemented from July 11th, 2022 (next Monday).

　　Webcast notification (Source: Network)

　　On the evening of the 7th, there were a number of online news reports that a number of office buildings in Zhongguancun area issued notices, saying that starting from the 8th, vaccination records should be strictly checked, and those who had not been vaccinated or had not completed vaccination were not allowed to enter.

　　According to the relevant notice, the property received an urgent notice from the western district government, requiring all buildings to fulfill the main responsibility of epidemic prevention and control. Various functional departments will also strengthen inspections, supervise the units and buildings that have not been implemented on site, and adopt a fuse mechanism if the rectification is not in place or refuses to be implemented.

　　At 9 o’clock on the evening of the 7 th, a journalist contacted one of the office buildings. The property staff said that the relevant notice is true. Since the 8th, people who have not been vaccinated or have not completed vaccination are not allowed to enter the building.

　　"We were also informed that you can consult the zhongguancun west Management Committee if you have any questions." The staff said.

　　On the evening of the 7th, Jimu journalists called the office of zhongguancun west Management Committee many times, but they couldn’t get through.

　　Subsequently, Jimu journalists contacted the duty room of the People’s Government of Dianqu District, Shanghai. The staff said that the definition of whether office buildings belong to public places and the implementation time of relevant regulations are all the responsibility of the disease control department, and the government is not clear about the specific implementation details for the time being.

Recently, a new strain has appeared in COVID-19.

According to the evaluation of the World Health Organization on August 9th, the mutant EG.5 shows the characteristics of enhanced transmission ability and immune escape ability.

If there is a peak in November in the future, it is very likely to form mixed infection with this year’s influenza virus.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has released the candidate strains of seasonal influenza vaccine in the northern hemisphere in 2023-2024, and our influenza vaccine has also arrived this year.

Components of tetravalent chicken embryo culture vaccine:

A/Victoria/4897/2022 (H1N1) PDM09-like virus

A/Darwin/9/2021 (H3N2)-like virus

B/Australia/1359417/2021 virus (B/Victoria pedigree)

B/Phuket/3073/2013-like virus (B/Yamagata lineage)

Tetravalent cell culture or recombinant protein vaccine components:

A/Wisconsin/67/2022(H1N1)pdm09-like virus

A/Darwin/6/2021 (H3N2)-like virus

B/Australia/1359417/2021 virus (B/Victoria pedigree)

B/Phuket/3073/2013-like virus (B/Yamagata lineage)

Components of trivalent chicken embryo culture vaccine:

A/Victoria/4897/2022 (H1N1) PDM09-like virus

A/Darwin/9/2021 (H3N2)-like virus

B/Australia/1359417/2021 virus (B/Victoria pedigree)

Trivalent cell culture or recombinant protein vaccine components:

A/Wisconsin/67/2022(H1N1)pdm09-like virus

A/Darwin/6/2021 (H3N2)-like virus

B/Australia/1359417/2021 virus (B/Victoria pedigree)

Now that the flu vaccine is in place, let’s talk about the flu virus and this year’s flu vaccine.

1. How terrible is the flu? Why do you suggest vaccination?

Influenza (influenza for short) is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus. It is spread by airborne droplets and people are generally susceptible, and influenza can kill people.

A considerable number of people don’t take the flu seriously, thinking that it is just a slightly worse cold.

In fact, the seasonal epidemic of influenza every year can lead to 3-5 million severe cases and 290,000-650,000 deaths worldwide. The annual influenza attack rate of adults in the world can reach 5%-10%, and that of children is as high as 20%.

This means that in the high season of influenza, one in every 10 adults is infected with influenza; One out of every five children will get the flu. And influenza will break out every 10-40 years, causing serious health and economic burden.

For example, in the United States, on average, 36,000 people die of influenza every year, which is more than deaths caused by alcohol or traffic accidents. As far as the United States is concerned, the annual economic losses caused directly or indirectly by the flu are as much as $7 billion.

In recent years, the incidence and mortality of influenza in China have shown a steep upward trend. According to the data of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, in the first five months of 2019 alone, the number of reported cases of influenza reached 1.77 million, exceeding the total number of reported cases of influenza in the past four years.

In the past February and March of 2023, the positive rate of influenza virus detection exceeded 25.1%, forming a large-scale epidemic.

Vaccination against influenza every year is the most effective means to prevent influenza, which can significantly reduce the risk of influenza and serious complications. Therefore, WHO suggests that people should be vaccinated every year to prevent influenza and its complications.

However, in China, the importance of influenza vaccine has not been fully recognized by the whole society. Influenza vaccine is a self-funded "non-immunization program vaccine" with a low vaccination rate.

Second, how to vaccinate to prevent influenza virus more effectively?

1. Inoculate every year

Influenza virus is easy to mutate. In order to match the ever-changing influenza virus, the influenza vaccine recommended by the World Health Organization will update one or more strains in most seasons, and the vaccine strains are exactly the same as those in the previous epidemic season.

In order to ensure the maximum protection of the vaccinated population, even if the composition of influenza vaccine is exactly the same as that of the previous epidemic season, considering that the immunity of most vaccinators will gradually weaken over time, influenza vaccine still needs to be vaccinated every year.

2. Inoculate in advance

Clinically, the season in which influenza occurs most often varies according to different regions. In China, the annual cycle of influenza changes with the increase of the latitude of the earth. Generally, it is more prevalent in the northern provinces above 33 degrees north latitude, with the peak in January and February every year, and the southernmost provinces south of 27 degrees north latitude have the peak in April and June every year. In the mid-latitude areas between the two, there are two very obvious flu peaks every year.

Usually after 2-4 weeks of influenza vaccination, antibodies with protective level can be produced. Therefore, it is recommended to vaccinate the influenza vaccine 1-2 months before the peak of influenza epidemic every year, so as to effectively play the protective role of the vaccine.

3. Inoculation on demand

Besides trivalent and tetravalent influenza vaccines, there are also three types of influenza vaccines: children, adults and general vaccines, and even the vaccination methods are different. You can choose the most suitable seasonal influenza vaccine for vaccination according to your own situation.

Three, ten hot issues of influenza vaccine

1. How many shots should the flu vaccine take every year?

It depends on age:

Children and adults aged 9 and above:Only one dose is needed;

Children aged 6 months to 8 years:Children aged 6 months to 8 years who are vaccinated for the first time or have been vaccinated with influenza vaccine below 2 doses in the past should be vaccinated with 2 doses, with an interval of ≥4 weeks; Children who have been vaccinated with 2 or more doses of influenza vaccine before are recommended to be vaccinated with 1 dose.

2. Can I get the flu vaccine if I am allergic to eggs or milk?

In all authoritative documents and guidelines at home and abroad, people who are allergic to eggs are not considered as taboos for influenza vaccination.

In fact, if you are allergic to any food, you can get the flu vaccine normally. There is no need to confirm whether you are allergic to a certain food before vaccination. If you have allergic symptoms that require urgent medical intervention after eating eggs, such as anaphylactic shock, it is recommended to vaccinate in medical institutions that identify and manage serious allergic diseases.

3. Who really can’t get the flu vaccine?

Those who are allergic to the ingredients contained in the vaccine include excipients, formaldehyde, Triton X-100, etc. Other people with severe allergies; Those with a history of Guillain-Barre syndrome; Patients with uncontrolled epilepsy and other progressive neurological diseases.

In addition, critically ill patients with various diseases should be used with caution; Patients with acute fever, acute infection and acute attack of chronic diseases should be vaccinated after recovery. For different kinds of vaccines from different manufacturers, the vaccination contraindications listed in the instructions are slightly different. Please refer to the vaccine instructions for details.

Special attention should be paid to the contraindications of live attenuated influenza vaccine.(At present, only nasal spray influenza is an attenuated live vaccine listed in China):

① Persons with low immune function due to drug use, HIV infection and other reasons;

② Children and adolescents who have been treated with drugs containing aspirin or salicylic acid for a long time;

③ Children with asthma aged 2-4 years;

4 pregnant women;

⑤ Patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) history;

⑥ Those who used antiviral drugs such as oseltamivir and zanamivir 48 hours before inoculation, or those who used palamivir 5 days before inoculation, or those who used balofloxacin 17 days before inoculation.

4. Will you still get the flu after the flu vaccine?

This is possible, because the virus circulating in some areas may not be the influenza virus contained in the vaccine. In addition, it should be noted that influenza vaccine can only prevent influenza, but not the common cold at the same time.

5. Is it necessary to have an interval of more than one year between influenza vaccination and last year’s influenza vaccination?

"Vaccination every year" does not mean that this year’s influenza vaccination time must be a whole year apart from last year’s. Accurately speaking, the "year" here refers to "every flu season that spans natural years".

The influenza vaccine of the current season will be listed before the epidemic season of that year, and it can usually be vaccinated in August and September, and the validity period will end in March of the following year. That is to say, the flu vaccine given in August and September of that year was the same batch as that given before March of the following year. The flu vaccine in August and September of the following year is the next epidemic season.

Then, if you were vaccinated in August and September of that year, you don’t need to be vaccinated in March of the following year. On the contrary, if you were vaccinated before March of the following year, you still need to be vaccinated in August and September of the following year. There is no saying that the interval must be one year, mainly depending on whether the vaccine you are vaccinated belongs to the season.

6. Can people who have had the flu within one year get the flu vaccine?

Having a history of influenza in the past is not a taboo for vaccination. In addition, influenza viruses are prone to mutation, so it is possible to prevent influenza viruses prevalent in the current season by vaccination. Therefore, vaccination is still needed.

7. Can I get a flu vaccine during pregnancy and lactation?

A large number of studies at home and abroad have confirmed that "pregnant women have a higher risk of severe illness, death and adverse pregnancy outcome after suffering from influenza", that is, if pregnant women are infected with influenza virus, it may bring serious harm to both the fetus and themselves.

Therefore, pregnant women should be vaccinated against influenza more than others. And pregnant women can be vaccinated with inactivated influenza vaccine at any stage of pregnancy. If you are pregnant or plan to be pregnant during the flu season, you should get the flu vaccine.

Under the premise of the instructions, lactating women can also be vaccinated with influenza vaccine, and they can breastfeed normally after vaccination.

8. What is the difference between different influenza vaccines?

At present, there are trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3), tetravalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4) and trivalent attenuated live vaccine (LAIV3) that have been approved for marketing, among which IIV3 includes split vaccine and subunit vaccine, and IIV4 is split vaccine, and attenuated vaccine is the nasal spray vaccine mentioned earlier.

The difference between inactivated vaccine and attenuated live vaccine is that the former does not contain active virus components while the latter contains attenuated virus components. They can all trigger the immune response of the human body.

In addition, at present, the inactivated and attenuated influenza vaccines listed in China are inoculated in different ways: the inactivated vaccine is intramuscular injection, and the attenuated live vaccine is intranasal spraying.

The difference between trivalent and tetravalent is that the latter has one more pedigree of influenza B than the former (which can be simply understood as preventing one more strain of influenza B virus), and there is no difference in the preventive effect of influenza A contained in the latter. All of them can be inoculated to prevent influenza, and there is no priority recommendation, that is, when the vaccine is available, whatever is used can be chosen voluntarily according to their own conditions.

9. There is a scheduling conflict between influenza vaccine and other vaccines. Which vaccines can be vaccinated at the same time?

Inactivated influenza vaccine, other inactivated vaccines and attenuated live vaccines, such as pneumococcal vaccine, live attenuated herpes zoster vaccine, varicella vaccine, measles vaccine and DTP vaccine, can be inoculated in different parts at the same time;

After vaccination with live attenuated influenza vaccine, other live attenuated influenza vaccines can only be vaccinated after an interval of more than 28 days;

Older people over 65 can be vaccinated with influenza vaccine and pneumococcal vaccine at the same time.

Other special provisions shall be subject to the vaccine instructions of specific manufacturers.

10. After taking antibiotics and antiviral drugs, how long will it take to get the flu vaccine?

There is no taboo to get flu vaccine after antibiotic use.

However, taking influenza antiviral drugs 48 hours before vaccination is not recommended (it can be vaccinated after 48 hours).

Although there are a few very small and low-quality literature reports that taking antibiotics may reduce the immune response of influenza vaccine, it is not clear whether this has clinical significance or not, and it has not yet become a consensus.

But then again, if you are taking medicine, the high probability is that you are unwell or even in the acute stage of the disease, then it is recommended to suspend vaccination. At least wait until the symptoms improve and the condition is stable, or consider vaccination after stopping taking medicine.

References:

[1]World Health Organization. Fact sheeton influenza(seasonal).In. [http://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/influenza-(seasonal)].

[2] Gong Zhenyu, Gong Xunliang. WHO’s recommendation on the composition of influenza vaccine virus strains used in the northern hemisphere during the influenza season from 2023 to 2024 [J]. Preventive Medicine, 2023,35 (05): 460. DOI: 10.19485/J.CNKI.ISSN 2096-5087.

[3] China Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The national epidemic situation of legal infectious diseases in .http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s2907/new_list.shtml? tdsourcetag=s_pcqq_aiomsgaccessed July,2019.

[4] Technical Guidelines for Influenza Vaccination in China (2022-2023).

[5] Liu Xiaoxue, Song Yifan, Zhang Zhaonan, et al. Analysis on the coverage of influenza vaccine estimation report in China in 2014-2021 [J]. China Journal of Viral Diseases, 2023,13 (03): 226-232. DOI: 10.16505/J.2095-0136.

[6]Hagan et al. Antibiotics-Driven Gut Microbiome PerturbationAlters Immunity to Vaccines in Humans. 2019, Cell 178, 1313–1328. full text：https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(19)30898-0

Write | Liu Xiao

Proofreading | Gddra

Editor | Hide/Blue sea

Edit Design | Alice

　　In 2015, Empresses in the Palace, directed by Zheng Xiaolong, became the first TV series in China to be copyrighted by Netflix. This incident made domestic film and television creators begin to seek "going out to sea". In recent years, online dramas such as White Night Chasing the Murder, River God, TV series nirvana in fire, and My Parting have gained a good amount of on-demand on foreign video websites. The Longest Day In Chang’an, which is popular in China this year, also landed on Viki, Amazon and Youtube in the form of "pay-per-view". On October 21st, The Untamed, who has been burning for a summer, appeared on the homepage of Netflix’s official website.

　　On October 31, at the Sichuan TV Festival being held in Chengdu, a forum on "going out to sea" of domestic film and television dramas — — China Film and Television Overseas Communication Forum focuses on the overseas communication of China film and television, and discusses the opportunities and challenges for China film and television to go to sea.

　　The "Overseas Journey" of Domestic Drama Led by Masterpieces

　　In fact, the road of "going out to sea" for domestic dramas began in the 1980s. Yang Jie, the director of the 86th edition of The Journey to the West, brought the seventh episode of "Collecting Pigs and Eight Rings" from The Journey to the West to Japan when he participated in the Tokyo TV Festival. Subsequently, this TV series has been exported to Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, Ghana, Tanzania, Nepal and other countries, becoming the first TV series exported to the world in China.

　　During the same period, the TV series exported overseas also included Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which was exported to Japan, Singapore, Malaysia and other neighboring countries. Considering the cultural differences, the overseas version of the play has been re-edited, reducing the original 84 episodes to 19 episodes, and adding cultural commentary at the beginning and end of the film.

　　By the 1990s, with the IP of Jin Yong’s and Qiong Yao’s novels in China, costume dramas such as Princess Huanzhu and Condor Heroes went overseas. In 2015, "Why Shengxiao Mo" was broadcast as the first domestic idol drama to appear in the mainstream Korean media MBC. In 2018, "Little Separation" was broadcast on the Asian film and television channel in Mongolia, reaching the top of the ratings list at the same time; The explosion "Story of Yanxi Palace" was broadcast simultaneously on Zing TV, the largest video website in Vietnam, and the broadcast progress exceeded that in China.

　　Grasping the emotional commonality "should be one country, one policy"

　　"Grasp the commonness of all mankind and be driven by emotion." At yesterday’s forum, Hu Zhengrong, editor-in-chief of China Education Television, particularly emphasized emotion when talking about "China’s film and television works going out". Hu Zhengrong recalled that when The Beautiful Times of My Daughter-in-law was broadcasted in Tanzania, he interviewed in Africa. When the local people saw the girls in China, they said "Doudou" (the heroine’s name in The Beautiful Times of My Daughter-in-law), which showed the popularity of this work in Tanzania.

　　What surprised him most, however, was the awareness that the drama brought to Tanzanian audience about China. "They said that after watching this drama, they realized that there was also a contradiction between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law in China." Hu Zhengrong said frankly that China’s external communication is more about being tall, and this drama has made the local people understand the ups and downs of Chinese and the contradictions between people, which are precisely the commonness of human beings. Only by grasping the commonness of all mankind and grasping emotions can we communicate and communicate better.

　　Hu Zhengrong also pointed out that the number of film and television works "going out to sea" is large enough, but some works still lack accurate positioning in international communication. Many countries still have the impression of China, such as costume drama, delicious food, Tai Ji Chuan and Peking Opera. "China has many rich cultural mines, but how to present the world significance of the contemporary value of China culture? It is a challenge to convey the contemporary value of China culture and the significance of world dialogue. " In his view, it should be "one country, one policy". For example, different countries such as the United States, Tanzania, Kenya and Britain have different concepts, and audiences like different dramas.

　　Localization, localization story to strengthen overseas cooperation

　　In recent years, hit dramas such as Ode to Joy, Wenzhou Family and nirvana in fire produced by Shandong Film and Television Production Co., Ltd. have been broadcast abroad. Talking about Shanying’s experience of "going out to sea", Wu Xuesong, general manager of Shanying, emphasized "localization, localization". He cited "Wenzhou Family" in 2012 as an example, which was broadcast in Korea, France, Kazakhstan, Japan and other countries.

　　Wu Xuesong recalled that the screenwriter of The Wenzhou Family was the famous screenwriter Gao Mantang, who emphasized "to show the real China characters". At the time of creation, because of his unfamiliarity with the south and business, Gao Mantang read more than 1 meter of reference materials, and then went to Wenzhou and Europe to interview and collect stories of Wenzhou people. Finally, Gao Mantang decided that this drama should not be a commercial war film, but should be a story of a nobody in the era and show China after the reform and opening up.

　　Wu Xuesong said that in addition to improving the quality of production in recent years, Shanying has another important means to exchange and cooperate with foreign film and television institutions, such as co-shooting, exhibiting, and investing in the acquisition of well-known overseas independent film and television companies. "We shoot film and television cultural products with China elements and use film and television dramas to convey China culture."

　　Domestic variety shows have changed from simply selling copyrights to exporting programs.

　　As the representative of the platform, Zhang Lina, the editor-in-chief of Alibaba Entertainment Youku, believes that many works produced by Youku in recent years have successfully gone to sea, such as The Longest Day In Chang’an, the pursuit of murder in a white night, and the reason is to convey truth, goodness and beauty, which is the common spiritual connotation of global culture.

　　Zhang Lina said that domestic film and television producers are learning American TV dramas and English TV dramas, and they also envy the industrialization of offline film and television in China. And The Longest Day In Chang’an made an exploration, and the hit of this drama led to the tourism fever in Xi ‘an. For foreign audiences, through the broadcast of the drama series, they also learned what Datang is and what the spirit of Datang is.

　　Zhang Lina also specifically mentioned the importance of data. On the one hand, Youku has been cooperating with large foreign new media platforms in recent years to find the preferences of local young people from the data. On the other hand, domestic film and television dramas, including variety shows, no longer simply sell copyrights, but gradually export copyrights. For example, the program mode of "This is Dunk" produced by Youku was successfully exported to the United States, the country of basketball.